2.Emargination on primary 9 more than 65mm Emargination on primary 9 less than 65mm
3.primary 6 more than 155mm;rectrix 1 shorter than rectrix 5;tomium 21-29mm;tarsus 20-28mm primary 6 less than 155mm;rectrix 1 longer than rectrix 5;tomium 28-34mm;tarsus 14-20mm
4.Apical patch on rectrix 5 less than 55mm Apical patch on rectrix 5 more than 55mm
5.Primary 9 emarginated for less than 38% of its length Primary 9 emarginated for more than 38% of its length
6.Apical patch on rectrix 5 only,not on rectrix 4;centre of bar on inner web of primary 9
well above flexure point of emargination;foot less than 45mm
Apical patches on both rectrices 4 and 5;centre of bar on inner web of primary 9 below
or opposite flexure point of emargination;foot more than 45mm
THE DIFFERENT VOICES AND HABITS
NAME
VOICES
HABITS
European Nightjar
Sharp koo-ik take off and flight call;wik-wik-wik and chuk alarm calls
usually solitare,rarely on ground,feeds over open grounds
fierynecked Nightjar
mellow whistle tone introduced by 2 slurred notes,ending with falling koo-WEEU
Usually in pairs,hawks prey
Rufouscheeked Nightjar
prolonged churring,proceded by 2-4 gulping notes,q-woo,q-woo,q-woo,prrrrrrr
Solitare or in pairs.flies with irregular wingbeats and swooping flights
Natal Nightjar
Unmusical slow churring chop-chop-chop at 4 notes/second
In pairs hawks prey in flight
Freckled Nightjar
series of somewhat ringing 2-syllibled whip-wheeu
Usually single often sits on roads at night
Mozimbique Nightjar
Sustained high pitched,frog like
hawks prey in pairs
pennantwinged Nightjar
High pitched batlike twittering
Usually solitary,partly diurnal